Diphtheria Revisited.

Durability of Vaccine-Induced Immunity Against Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxins: A Cross-sectional Analysis.

BACKGROUND Many adult immunization schedules recommend that tetanus and diphtheria vaccination be performed every 10 years. In light of current epidemiological trends of disease incidence and rates of vaccine-associated adverse events, the 10-year revaccination schedule has come into question. METHODS We performed cross-sectional analysis of serum antibody titers in 546 adult subjects stratif...

Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprevalence in Patients Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Background and Objectives: HIV infected patients are at risk for vaccine-preventable infections such as tetanus and diphtheria (Td). In these patients, these antibodies tend to decline faster. Due to the limited data, this study assessed the seroprevalence of tetanus and diphtheria antibodies in HIV infected patients in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried o...

Studies on Diphtheria- Tetanus, combined immunization in children in some elementary school of Teheran

A Modified Method for the Concentration and Purification of Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids

Preparation and Evaluation of Diphtheria Toxoid-Containing Microspheres

Preparation of chitosan (CS) microspheres as a novel drug delivery vehicle for intranasal immunization using high, medium and low CS molecular weight (MW) was investigated in this study. Diphtheria toxoid (DT) was used as a model antigen. The emulsion-solidification method was adopted for microencapsulation of DT.  In the first step, following the purification of semi-crude DT by the ion-exchan...